Iron deficiency is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It leads to various symptoms, from fatigue to more severe complications like anemia. Diagnosing and treating iron deficiency, particularly iron deficiency anemia, is not difficult. Let us take a closer look at how doctors diagnose and treat this condition.
How is Iron-Deficiency Anemia Diagnosed?
When you visit your doctor with symptoms like fatigue, weakness, or pale skin, they may suspect iron deficiency. To confirm this, they will suggest a blood test called a complete blood count (CBC) along with other specific tests to check your hemoglobin, blood iron, and ferritin levels.
CBC: This test gives an overview of your blood, including the number of RBC, white blood cells, and platelets. Reduced levels of red blood cells or hemoglobin may indicate whether you have anemia or not.
Blood Iron and Ferritin Levels: Iron is essential for making a protein in red blood cells. So, low iron levels in your blood suggest iron deficiency. Ferritin, a protein that stores iron, can also be measured; low ferritin levels indicate that only low iron is stored in the body.
If the results show low levels of iron and ferritin, along with anemia, your doctor will likely diagnose you with iron-deficiency anemia.
How is Iron-Deficiency Anemia Treated?
Once diagnosed, there are several treatment options available to address iron-deficiency anemia and replenish your iron stores:
1. Iron Supplements: These are the most common treatments and come in pill form. Taking these supplements can increase the iron levels in your body over time. You should follow your doctor's instructions and discuss any side effects that you may experience.
2. Intravenous (IV) Iron: In more severe cases or when oral supplements are ineffective, iron can be administered directly into your bloodstream through an IV (intravenously through your vein). This method can rapidly increase iron levels and is often used for individuals with serious iron deficiency anemia or underlying health conditions.
For example, Orofer 500mg injection is an iron replacement medication containing the active Ferric carboxymaltose. It is used to manage iron deficiency anemia in adults and pediatric patients who cannot tolerate oral iron or when oral iron supplements are ineffective. It is also indicated to manage iron deficiency anemia in adults diagnosed with chronic kidney disease who are not on dialysis. This medicine is not recommended for pediatric patients less than one year of age.
3. Medications: Some medications, such as erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs), can help stimulate the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. These may be prescribed alongside iron therapy, especially for people with chronic conditions like kidney disease.
4. Blood Transfusions: In cases of severe anemia or acute blood loss, a blood transfusion may be required to quickly increase the number of red blood cells and iron in your bloodstream. So your doctor may go for blood transfusions.
5. Surgery: If internal bleeding is causing iron deficiency, surgery may be required to address the underlying issue and stop the bleeding.
Above all these medical interventions, your doctor may also recommend dietary changes to support your treatment. Iron-rich foods like lean meats, beans, fortified cereals, and dark leafy greens can help boost your iron levels. Coupling these foods with sources of vitamin C can enhance your iron absorption. Moreover, avoid substances like black tea that inhibit absorption.
Conclusion
Iron deficiency anemia is a manageable condition only when proper diagnosis and treatment are done. Everyone should take proactive steps to improve their iron levels and overall health by knowing the diagnostic process and available treatments. If you suspect you have iron deficiency, do not delay to consult your healthcare provider for guidance and support. With the right approach, treatment options, and early detection, You can overcome iron deficiency and restore vitality to your life.
