Antiretroviral therapy (ART) treats human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infections in both adults and children. It works by suppressing the virus, boosting the immune system, and preventing the development of AIDS. The treatment plan may change depending on the patient's age, infection stage, general health, and potential medication interactions. Here are some important guidelines and factors for HIV treatment:
ART, or antiretroviral therapy
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) comprises a variety of antiretrovirals from diverse pharmacological classes. The aim of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is to lower the body's viral load to undetectable levels, preserving the immune system and preventing the consequences from HIV.
For all HIV-positive individuals, regardless of CD4 cell count or viral load, ART is often advised.
Drug Groups:
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), protease inhibitors (PIs), integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs), and fusion inhibitors are some of the medications used in ART. Combination regimens often include three medications or more to attack the virus at various points in its life cycle.
The active ingredients in Xapavir LT tablet are Dolutegravir, Lamivudine, and Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. The integrase inhibitor class of antiviral medications includes dolutegravir.
Individualised Care
Based on variables, including medication resistance testing, probable adverse effects, and patient preferences, HIV therapy is personalized.
Given their age and weight, pediatric HIV therapy is tailored for kids.
Monitoring:
To determine how well a treatment is working, regular monitoring is necessary. This involves counting CD4 cells, gauging viral load, and evaluating side effects.
The primary objective is to decrease viral load to undetectable levels.
Adherence:
To avoid medication resistance and prevent viral suppression, strict adherence to the recommended treatment plan is essential.
Patients can stay on track with adherence counselling and support from healthcare professionals.
Preventing actions
Immunizations and preventative drugs should be given to HIV-positive individuals in order to guard against opportunistic illnesses, including pneumonia and TB.
To stop transmission and reinfection, safe sexual behavior and harm reduction techniques are crucial.
Nutrition and way of life:
A healthy lifestyle can promote general well-being and immunological function. This includes following a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and abstaining from drugs and alcohol.
Maternity and HIV:
HIV-positive women who are expecting can get ART to stop mother-to-child transmission. While nursing and while pregnant, different medications may be used at different times.
Drug interactions and side effects:
Some antiretroviral treatments might have negative side effects or interact with other meds. It is crucial to monitor and handle things carefully.
Advancements in science:
With continued research into novel medications, long-acting formulations, and potential cures, HIV therapy is always changing.
To create and maintain an efficient treatment plan, people living with HIV should collaborate closely with healthcare professionals who specialise in HIV care. For patients with HIV, improved health outcomes depend on early diagnosis and treatment beginning.
