Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) is the main type of brain tumour classified as a low-grade astrocytoma. SEGA tumours are typically found in the ventricles of the brain, which are fluid-filled spaces that produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The tumours are composed of large abnormal cells called "giant cells," which are the typical astrocytes. SEGA tumours are most commonly associated with a tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) genetic disorder.
Mutations can cause it in the TSC1 OR TSC2 gene, which regulates cell growth and proliferation. If they grow large enough, they can cause significant neurological symptoms to obstruct the flow of CSF in the brain. Symptoms may include headaches, nausea, vomiting, seizures, and changes in vision or mental status. They are slow growing and non-cancerous. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and biopsy for pathological examination.
Treatment for SEGA tumours involves surgical resection to remove the tumour as possible, and in some cases, radiation therapy or chemotherapy may also be used. Close monitoring and follow-up imaging are important for any signs of tumour recurrence.
In conclusion, SEGA is a rare brain tumour associated with tuberous sclerosis complex. While the tumours are non-cancerous, they can cause significant neurological symptoms if left untreated. Early diagnosis and treatment are important for managing the condition and preventing complications.
Afinitor 10 mg Tablet is a medicine that is used for treating SEGA tumours. It contains the active ingredient everolimus, which inhibits the activity of a protein called mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which regulates cell growth. This drug can slow the growth of abnormal cancer cells by blocking the mTOR protein. Everolimus helps to reduce the size of tumours and improve outcomes in patients.
Difficulty in breathing, Swelling of the face and lips, Red Rashes, Severe Itching, Excessive thirst, and Increased appetite with weight loss are some common side effects of the Afinitor 10mg Tablet.
